470 APPENDIX H. 



The Wa-huma, to whom the attention of ethnologists has scarcely yet been seriously 

 directed, present some points of great anthropological interest, probably affording a 

 solution of the difficulties connected with the constituent elements of the Bantu races in 

 East Central Africa. Speke had already observed that the chiefs of the Bantu nations 

 about the great lakes were always Wa-Huma, a pastoral people evidently of Galla 

 stock, and originally immigrants from the Galla country. Since then it has been ascer- 

 tained that several Wa-Huma communities live interspersed amongst the mixed Bantu 

 nations of the lacustrine plateau, and J. M. Schuver was recently informed that the 

 Negro inhabitants of the Afilo country were governed by a Galla aristocracy.* 



From these and other indications it seems highly probable that in point of fact the 

 Bantu peoples are fundamentally Negroes in diverse proportions affected by Wa-Huma 

 or Galla, that is Hamitic, elements. The Wa-Huma, who under the name of Wa-Tusi,t 

 are found as far south as the U-nyamezi country, are by recent observers unanimously 

 described as a very fine race, with oval face, straight nose, small mouth, and generally 

 speaking regular Caucasie features. Such a type is found everywhere cropping out 

 amid the surrounding Negroid populations throughout the southern half of the con- 

 tinent, and the conclusion seems iiTCsistible that it should be referred to these Wa- 

 Huma or Hamitic Gallas, probably for ages advancing as conquerors from the north- 

 east into the heart of the continent. 



No distinct mention is made of the Wa-Huma speech. It is known, however, to 

 differ from that of the Bantus proper ; and when we hear that the late King M'Tesa of 

 U-Ganda spoke Galla as his mother-tongue, and was proud of his Galla ancestors, little 

 doubt can remain on this point. The Wa-Huma are also distinguished by their intense 

 love both of personal freedom and political autonomy, sentiments which are but feebly 

 developed amongst the true Negro populations. Such is their horror of captivity and a 

 foreign yoke, that those who have failed to maintain their indej)endence are no longer 

 regarded as true Wa-Huma. The very women who have the misfortune to fall into 

 the hands of the Arab slave-dealers are looked upon as degraded for ever, and should 

 they escape from bondage, are burnt alive by their own people. Traits of this sort 

 would almost alone suffice to suspect at least a very lai'ge infusion of non-Negro 

 blood in the Wa-Huma race. This element we may now trace with some confidence to 

 the Hamites of North-East Africa as its true source. 



Ittu .... Ittu Mountains, 41°— 42' E., 9°— 10" N. 

 Carayu . . . South-east of Ankober. 



West from Tajuir* Bay. 



West of Lake Ardibbo. 



East of Lakes Ardibbo and Haic. 



Large nation east side Upper Nile, east of the Bari, south of the Shuli ; about 

 4° N. lat., 39" E. long. Speech akin to the Ilm-Orma (Galla) dialect. 



South of Gojam. 



Dawari . 

 Wolo 



Worro-Bubbo 

 Latuka . 



Mecha 



Uaya 



Asabo 



Laugo 



Wa-Huma 



Wa-Tusi . 



Sidama . 



\ West of Zebul. 



Somerset Nile between Foweira and Magungo. 



Intermingled with the Bantu populations of the eastern equatorial regions. 

 Kaffaland, south-west of Shoa, hitherto wrongly grouped with the Nubas.J 



* " Afilo wurde mir vom Lega-Konig als ein Negerland bezeichnet, welches von einer Galla-Aristo- 

 kratie beherrscht wird" (Petermann's Mittheilungen, 1883, v. p. 194). 



t And are no doubt also known by other names. Thus the Wa-'I'aturu shepherds of U-Kerewé 

 Island in Lake Victoria Nyanza appear to belong to the same connection. They are described by 

 Stanley as "light-coloured, straight, thin-nosed, and thin-lipped," in contrast to their Wa-Kerewé 

 neighbours, "a mixture of the Ethiopie and Negro type." ("Through the Dark Continent," vol. i. 

 p. 251.) 



X The natives of Kafia, whose affinity to the Gallas has now been determined by Leo Reinisch, are 

 collectively called Sidama by G. Chiarini in " Memorie della Società Geografica Italiana," i. Part 2, 1878. 



