APPENDIX II, 



471 



Isa . 



Isa-Ishaai-Modoba 

 Gudabirsi 

 Habr-Awal 

 Habr-Gerhajis 

 Gadohursi 

 Dalbahantu, 

 Warsingali 

 Mijjerthain 



Debnet 

 Asoba 

 Assa-Imara 

 Sidi-Habura 



Galeila . 

 Khaniir . 

 Agau 



Agaumeder 

 Khamant . 

 Falasha . 



SOUALI. 



Between Zeilah, Harrar, and Barbara. 

 Uplands south of Berbera. 

 J East of Berbera to the Indian Ocean. 



Centkal Ethiopian Branch. 

 V Afar (Adal or Danakil). 



1 Coasllands between Abyssinia and the Eed Sea, from Zula Bay to Strait of Bab- 

 f el- Mandeb. * 



Lasta district 

 Quara district 



Gondar district 



Abyssinia. 



Saho, or Shoho . 



Collective name of numerous communities scattered over Abyss'nia ; claim Jewish 

 descent, and are often called the " Jews of Abyssinia," but are probably of 

 Agau stock. The Kura, Kudra, or Huaraza, as their language is diversely 

 called, also resembles the Agau. The term Falasha, which in South Abyssinia 

 takes the form of Fenja, is explained to mean " Exiles," and lends a colouring 

 to the national tradition that they descended from a certain Menelek, son of 

 Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. 



North-east frontier, Abyssinia. 



Northern Ethiopi\n Branch (Beja Division). 



Of the northern group of Ethiopian Hainites by far the most important are the 

 Beja, or Bishari, who have all the greater claim to the consideration of the ethnologist, 

 that their ethnical status has hitherto been persistently ignored alike by British 

 Cabinet Ministers, officials, and newspaper correspondents. They are the unfortunate 

 people, many of whose tribes have recently come into collision with the British forces 

 in the Suakin district, but who continue to be spoken of as " Arabs" by those states- 

 men who are unable to recognise more than two races in Egyptian Sudan, that is, the 

 Negro and Arab. Thus, on Februar}'- 27th of the year 1884, the Marquis of 

 Hartington telegraphs to General Graham: "Tell them we are not at war with the 

 Arabs, but must disperse force threatening Suakin." And General Graham himself sends 

 a letter " written in Arabic " to the chiefs of the tribes about Triukitat and Tokar, in 

 which they are again assumed to be " Arabs." We all remember the ignominious fate 

 of that now historical document, which was set up as a target and riddled by bullets, as 

 some dangerous fetish, by those Hamitic followers of Muhammad Osman Dakanah, 

 whose own language, the To-Bedawieh, differs almost as much from Arabic as does that 

 of the British troops itself. All this immediately preceded the sanguinary engagement 

 of El Teb, and it may be asserted with Sir Stafford Northcote, though for reasons 

 different from those implied by him, that " if the position of England had been such as 

 it ought to have been, we should have had none of the slaughter which then took place." 

 In fact, had a moderate amount of attention been paid by our Foreign Office to the true 

 ethnical conditions in Egyptian Sudan, most of the complications might probably have 

 been avoided that have since arisen in that distracted region. But the necessity for a 

 systematic study of ethnology has not yet made itself apparent to the rulers of the 



* Afar appears to be the most general national name, Adal that of the dominant tribe ; Danakil 

 (plural Dankali and Danakli) is the name by which they are known to their Arab and Hamite neigh- 

 bours. Chiarini (loc. cit.) recognises the close relationship of Somali and Gralla, but asserts that the Afar 

 language "ha ben poco di commune coUa gaUa." 



