In the middle zone, establishment occurred with each planting date, 
except March and April. Survival was greatest for the July planting and 
was less than 3 percent for the other two planting dates. Reproduction 
ranged from less than two tillers per surviving transplant in January 
and May to less than three in August. Olney bulrush survived only in 
the July planting in the lower zone and reproduction was less than two 
tillers per surviving transplant. 
This species was susceptible to washout in both the middle and 
lower zones. Thus, if wave action is reduced, this species might have 
limited value in the middle zone. Either a winter or summer planting 
date should be used. 
h. Saltmarsh bulrush. This marsh species established only in the 
January planting in the upper zone (Table 18) and at a rate of less than 
1 percent. However, those surviving transplants did produce an average 
of four tillers (Table 19). In the middle zone, saltmarsh bulrush sur- 
vived at all planting dates, except March and April. Survival ranged 
from 2 percent in May to over 10 percent in July. Reproduction was low, 
ranging from less than one tiller per surviving transplant in July to 
less than three in the January planting. This species did not survive 
at any of the planting dates in the lower zone. 
Saltmarsh bulrush may be of limited value in the middle zone. It 
was not adapted to tne harsh conditions of either the upper or lower 
zones. 
i. Smooth cordgrass. This species is not adapted for winter or 
early spring planting in the upper zone (Table 18). However, survival 
for the late spring and summer planting dates ranged from over 11 
percent to over 34 percent. Each surviving transplant produced over 
three tillers in the May planting, but less than one tiller in the July 
planting (Table 19). This low number for July may reflect the short 
time interval between planting and evaluation. 
Survival was good for smooth cordgrass in the middle zone, ranging 
from a low of less than 6 percent in March to about 45 percent in May 
and July. These high survival rates were complemented by tiller pro- 
duction rates that ranged from about 5 tillers in July to 22 tillers 
per surviving transplant for the January plantings (Fig. 11). 
Smooth cordgrass did not survive the winter and early spring 
planting dates in the lower zone. However, survival for May and July 
ranged from about 12 percent to 35 percent. Surviving transplants 
produced up to about nine tillers. 
This species is well adapted for use in the middle zone. It 
rapidly establishes at a reasonable survival rate. Smooth cordgrass 
could be utilized in the middle zone with planting dates anytime during 
the winter, spring, or summer. However, indications were that late 
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