CONTENTS 



Page 



CONVERSION FACTORS, U.S. CUSTOMARY TO METRIC CSI) 5 



SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS . 6 



I INTRODUCTION 9 



II HYDRAULICS OF DETACHED BREAKWATERS 9 



1. Enclosed Breakwater Systems ... 10 



2. Offshore Breakwaters with Gaps 13 



III EXAMPLE PROBLEMS 15 



IV SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 18 



LITERATURE CITED 21 



TABLES 



1 Computer program input for example problem 2 17 



2 Computer program output for example problem 2 18 



FIGURES 



1 Definition sketch 9 



2 Overtopping parameters, a and Q*, riprapped 1:1.5 structure 



slope on a 1:10 nearshore slope 11 



3 Ponding levels for porous multilayered breakwaters 12 



4 An offshore breakwater system 13 



5 Dimensionless velocity as a function of K 15 



6 Design conditions for example problem 1 16 



7 Effect of breakwater freeboard and gap spacing on V 19 



8 Effect of incident wave height and gap spacing on V 19 



9 Effect of wave period and gap spacing on V 20 



10 Effect of shore attachment and gap spacing on V 20 



