Table 83 



Lorain Harbor Structures 



Lorain, Ohio 



Date(s) Construction and Rehabilitation History 



1828- Construction of two stone-filled timber crib piers was completed at 

 1896 the mouth of the Black River (Figure 219) during this time. The east 

 pier was originally 1,875 ft long, and the west pier was 1,004-ft 

 long. The east pier was 20 ft wide, and the west pier ranged from 17 

 to 23 ft wide (Figure 220) . 



1897- The east and west piers were capped with concrete superstructures 

 1908 (Figure 220). The crest els of the piers were +8.2 ft Iwd. 



1901- Construction of two detached rubble-mound breakwaters (Figure 219) 

 1915 was completed. The east and west breakwaters were 2,300 and 



2,811.5 ft long, respectively. The structures had crest els of 

 +10.2 ft Iwd and crest widths of 10 ft. Side slopes were IV: 3H on 

 the lakeside and 1V:1.3H on the harbor side. Armor stones used were 

 3 tons (minimum) . 



1921 The west breakwater was extended to shore (Figure 219). The exten- 

 sion was of rubble-mound construction and originated at the shore end 

 of the existing west breakwater extending shoreward 438.5 ft. At 

 this point there was a 75-ft gap and then a 750-ft-long extension to 

 the shore. The structure had a crest el of +3.9 ft Iwd with a width 

 of 5 ft (Figure 220) . Armor stone was 2 tons (minimum) . 



1963 Construction of a 2,457-ft-long east breakwater shore arm (Fig- 

 ure 219) was completed at a cost of about $2.7 million. The outer 

 2,323 ft was a granular-filled concrete capped cellular steel sheet- 

 pile structure. The cells had a 35-ft diameter with a crest el of 

 +10 ft Iwd (Figure 221). Also included was a 134-ft-long rubble- 

 mound shore connection (Figure 219) . The rubble-mound portion had a 

 crest el of +10 ft Iwd and was capped with rectangular blocks 

 (Figure 221). 



1964- The lakeward 995-ft portion of the east pier was removed leaving an 

 1965 880-ft-long pier, and the lakeward 280-ft portion of the east break- 

 water was removed resulting in a structure 2,020 ft in length (Fig- 

 ure 219). A 2,180-ft-long granular-filled cellular steel sheet-pile 

 outer breakwater was constructed (Figure 219). Cell diameters were 

 46.15 ft, and the breakwater was capped with concrete to an el of 

 +10 ft Iwd (Figure 221). Riprap toe protection also was placed adja- 

 cent to both sides of the breakwater. This modification was model 

 tested (Wilson, Hudson, and Housley 1963). 



1977 A combination rubble-mound and steel sheet-pile dredge disposal dike 

 was constructed and attached to the east breakwater shorearm. 



1986 Recent site inspections indicated that portions of the rubble-mound 

 stone sections of the structures show localized damage and consider- 

 able settlement. The structures are considered in fair condition, 

 and no repairs are planned in the near future. An aerial photo of 

 the Lorain Harbor structures is shown in Figure 222. 



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