and third firings, while a 2 x 2-foot (61 x 61 -cm) fluke was used for the 

 second and fourth firings. The first two anchors were quickly installed 

 in 59 feet (18 m) of water, penetrating 9 and 14 feet (2.8 and 4.3 m) , 

 respectively. This deep penetration indicated a rather soft coral or 

 a layered media (coral/coral sand) at these two sites. The third anchor 

 was installed in 112 feet (34 m) of water; this anchor was to be used 

 as the starboard bow anchor. The fluke penetrated a short distance and 

 was badly damaged. The initial assumption was that the fluke was unstable 

 during penetration, and this caused the piston to separate from the fluke 

 prematurely. However, a subsequent firing with a CEL 20K anchor at roughly 

 the same location indicated that this coral was extremely hard. Since 

 divers reported shallow penetration of the 1 0K anchor, the work boat 

 proof -loaded the anchor to determine its status. The work boat easily 

 pulled the anchor out. The front of the fluke was bent back, and the 

 fluke could offer no holding capacity in the coral rubble produced during 

 this penetration. The fourth 1 0K anchor was assembled and transported 

 to the same site. This anchor was rapidly lowered to the seafloor and 

 fired in almost a prone position. The rapid (almost free-fall) lowering 

 caused the anchor to plane out. The fluke grazed the seafloor at a very 

 shallow angle and landed on the surface a short distance away. The 1 0K 

 with the 2 x 2-foot (61 x 61 -cm) fluke will have to be lowered at a more 

 reasonable rate, perhaps less than 400 fpm (120 mpm) to prevent kiting; 

 this rate will be determined at a later date. 



1.4-lbM6 



Figure 10. Pressure versus time for the land tests of the 1 0K 

 anchor at four charge weights. 



13 



