APPENDIX I 



SIMULTANEOUS TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS 



AT MEAN DEPTH OF THERMOCLINE TO 



STUDY INTERNAL WAVES 



In planning a survey of temperatures to observe the effect of 

 internal wave movement, some assumption about the speed of propagation 

 must be made. Three sources of value are available: 



1. E. C. LaFond of USNEL has attributed the movement of sur- 

 face sea slicks to the passage of internal waves with resulting water con- 

 vergence at the surface just behind the crest of the internal wave. In 

 shallow water (approximately 50 feet) off the California coast these 

 slicks have been observed to travel at 30 feet per minute. 



2. Preliminary inspection of the 3-buoy temperature records 

 made at Texas Tower No. 4 indicates a speed of internal wave propagation 

 of approximately 100 feet per minute. 



3.' Assuming these waves are gravity waves at the interface 

 between two different homogeneous water layers, speed has been calculated 

 from the formula (Lamb, 19^5): 



= v^5 



■)g/k 



/)"coth kh'+^cothkh 

 where p = density of water in lower layer 



p' = density of water in upper layer 



h = thickness of lower layer 



h' = thickness of upper layer 



k = ^y" where X = wave length 



In TOT0, 29°C and 36.7°/oo were used for the upper layer, />« » 1.02336. 



The mixed layer is said to fluctuate between 175 and 300 feet; h 1 was taken 



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