SENSATION. 35 



be situated in longitude 72° W. and latitude 41° N. He 

 does not feel them to be in the third story of the house. He 

 does not even feel them in any distinct manner to be to the 

 right or the left of any of the other sensations which he 

 may be getting from other objects in the room at the same 

 time. He does not, in short, know anything about their 

 space-relations to anything else in the world. The flame 

 fills its own place, the pain fills its own place ; but as yet 

 these places are neither identified with, nor discriminated 

 from, any other places. That comes later. For the places 

 thus first sensibly known are elements of the child's space- 

 world which remain with him all his life ; and by memory 

 and later experience he learns a vast number of things about 

 those places which at first he did not know. But to the 

 end of time certain places of the world remain defined for 

 him as the places ivhere those sensations tvere ; and his only 

 possible answer to the question where anything is will be to 

 say ' there,' and to name some sensation or other like those 

 first ones, which shall identify the spot. Space means but 

 the aggregate of all our possible sensations. There is no 

 duplicate space known aliunde, or created by an ' epoch- 

 making achievement ' into which our sensations, originally 

 spaceless, are dropped. They bring space and all its places 

 to our intellect, and do not derive it thence. 



By his body, then, the child later means simply that place 

 tvhere the pain from the pin, and a lot of other sensations 

 like it, were or are felt. It is no more true to say that he 

 locates that pain in his body, than to say that he locates his 

 body in that pain. Both are true : that pain is part of what 

 he means by the ivord body. Just so by the outer world the 

 child means nothing more than that place ivhere the candle- 

 flame and a lot of other sensations like it are felt. He no 

 more locates the candle in the outer world than he locates 

 the outer world in the candle. Once again, he does both ; 

 for the candle is part of what he meam by 'outer world.' 



This (it seems to me) will be admitted, and will (I trust) 

 be made still more plausible in the chapter on the Percep- 

 tion of Space. But the later developments of this percep- 

 tion are so complicated that these simple pi-inciples get 



