WILL. 489 



when the nervous apparatus is normal. But in cases of 

 disease we sometimes find that the resident impressious do 

 not normally excite the centres, and that then the sense of 

 attitude is lost. It is only recently that pathologists have 

 begun to study these anaesthesias with the delicacy which 

 they require ; and we have doubtless yet a great deal to 

 learn about them. The skin may be anaesthetic, and the 

 tnuscles may not feel the cramp-like pain which is pro- 

 duced by faradic currents sent through them, and yet the 

 sense of passive movement may be retained. It seems, in 

 fact, to persist more obstinately than the other forms of 

 sensibility, for cases are comparatively common in which 

 all the other feelings in the limb but this one of attitude are 

 lost. In Chapter XX I have tried to make it appear that 

 the articular surfaces are probably the most important 

 source of the resident kinaesthetic feelings. But the 

 determination of their sj)ecial organ is indifferent to our 

 present quest. It is enough to know that the existence 

 of these feelings cannot be denied. 



When the feelings of passive movement as well as all 

 the other feelings of a limb are lost, we get such results as 

 are given in the following account by Professor A. Striim- 

 pell of his wonderful anaesthetic boy, whose only sources of 

 feeling were the right eye and the left ear : * 



" Passive movements could be imprinted on all the extremities to the 

 greatest extent, without attracting the patient's notice. Only in 

 violent foi'ced hyperextension of the joints, especially of the knees, 

 there arose a dull vague feeling of strain, but this was seldom precisely 

 localized. We have often, after bandaging the eyes of the patient, 

 carried him about the room, laid him on a tabJe, given to his arms and 

 legs the most fantastic and apparently the most inconvenient attitudes, 

 without his having a suspicion of it. The expression of astonishment 

 in his face, when all at once the removal of the handkerchief revealed 

 his situation, is indescribable in words. Only when his head was made 

 to hang away down he immediately spoke of dizziness, but could not 

 assign its ground. Later he sometimes inferred from the sounds con- 

 nected with the manipulation that something special was being done 

 with him .... He had no feelings of muscular fatigue. If, with his 

 eyes shut, we told him to raise his arm and to keep it up, he did so 

 without trouble. After oTie or two minuces, however, the arm began to 



* Deutsches Arcbiv f. Klin. Mediciu, xxii. 321. 



