518 P8YCH0L0OT. 



to be said, that the advocates of inward spontaneity may be 

 turning their backs on its real citadel, when they make a 

 fight, on its behalf, for the consciousness of energy put forth 

 in the outgoing discharge. Let there be no such con- 

 sciousness ; let all our thoughts of movements be of sen- 

 sational constitution ; still in the emphasizing, choosing, 

 and espousing of one of them rather than another, in the 

 saying to it, * be thou the reality for me,' there is ample 

 scope for our inward initiative to be shown. Here, it seems 

 to me, the true line between the passive materials and the 

 activity of the spirit should be drawn. It is certainly 

 false strategy to draw it between such ideas as are con- 

 nected with the outgoing and such as are connected with 

 the incoming neural wave.* 



If the ideas by which we discriminate between one 

 moA'ement and another, at the instant of deciding in our 

 mind which one we shall perform, are always of sensorial 

 origin, then the question arises, " Of which sensorial order 

 need they be?" It will be remembered that we distin- 

 guished two orders of kiupesthetic impression, the remote 

 ones, made by the movement on the eye or ear or distant 

 skin, etc., and the resident ones, made on the moving parts 

 themselves, muscles, joints, etc. . Now do resident images, 

 exclusively, form what I have called the mental cue, or will 

 remote ones equally suffice ? 



There can he no doubt whatever that the mental cue may he 

 either an image of the resident or of the remote kind. Although, 

 at the outset of our learning a movement, it would seem 

 that the resident feelings must come strongly before con- 

 sciousness (cf. p. 487), later this need not be the case. 

 The rule, in fact, would seem to be that they tend to lapse 



* Maine de Biian, Royer Collard, Sir John Heischel, Dr. Carpenter, 

 Dr. Martiueau, all seem to posit a force-sense by which, in becoming 

 aware of an outer resistance to our will, we are taught the existence of an 

 outer world. I hold that every peripheral sensation gives us an outer 

 world. An insect crawling on our skin gives us as 'outward ' an impres- 

 sion as a hundred pounds weighing on our back. — I have read M. A. Ber- 

 trand's criticism of my views (La Ps3'chologie de TEffort, 1889); but as he 

 seems to think that 1 deny the feeling of effort altogether, I can get no 

 profit from it, despite his charming way of saying things. 



