PREFACE 



This report is published to assist coastal engineers in shoreline 

 stabilization by the establishment and development of marsh vegetation. 

 The work was carried out under the coastal ecology research program of 

 the U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) . 



The report was prepared by W.W. Woodhouse, Jr., Professor of Soil 

 Science, E.D. Seneca, Associate Professor of Botany and Soil Science, 

 and S.W. Broome, Research Associate in Soil Science, North Carolina State 

 University, Raleigh, North Carolina, under CERC Contract Nos. DACW72-72- 

 C-0015, DACW72-72-C-0012, and DACW72-74-C-0014. Laboratory studies 

 (Section V, Mineral Nutrition) were conducted by R.B. Stryker, Research 

 Associate in Soil Science, R.J. Volk, Professor of Soil Science, P.L. 

 Minotti, visiting Associate Professor of Soil Science, and W.A. Jackson, 

 Professor of Soil Science, North Carolina State University. Support was 

 received from the North Carolina Sea Grant Program, Office of Sea Grant, 

 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce, 

 Grant Nos. GH-103, 2-35178, and 04-3-158-40; North Carolina Center for 

 Marine and Coastal Studies; and the North Carolina Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station. 



The authors express appreciation to the personnel of Cape Hatteras 

 and Cape Lookout National Seashores, National Park Service; U.S. Army 

 Engineer District, Wilmington; and North Carolina Highway Commission for 

 their cooperation; and to A.W. Cooper for his advice and encouragement in 

 the initiation of these studies. Special thanks to D.M. Bryan, C.L. 

 Campbell, Jr., and U.O. Highfill for their assistance in all phases of 

 the fieldwork, and to R.P. Savage, Chief, Research Division, CERC, for 

 his advice and encouragement throughout the course of these studies. 



Mr. R.M. Yancey, Chief, Ecology Branch, was the CERC contract monitor 

 for the report, under the general supervision of Mr. R.P. Savage, Chief, 

 Research Division. 



Comments on this publication are invited. 



Approved for publication in accordance with Public Law 166, 79th 

 Congress, approved 31 July 1945, as supplemented by Public Law 172, 88th 

 Congress, approved 7 November 1963. 



w.a..'. 



JOHN H. COUSINS 

 'Colonel, Corps of Engineers 

 Commander and Director 



