4. MODEL EVALUATION TESTS 51 



4.1 Computer Simulation of Vicksburg Tidal Flume 51 



4.2 Comparison with Analytical Results 51 



4.3 Dominant Time Scales for Wind-Driven Currents 



in a Shallow Sea 56 



4.4 Effect of Bottom Boundary Condition on Wind-Driven Currents 



in a Shallow Sea 60 



4.5 Comparison of Vertically-Integrated Model Versus 



Three-Dimensional Model 63 



4.6 Tidal Response in the Mississippi Sound-Idealized Basin 63 



4.7 Wind-Driven Response in the Mississippi Sound-Idealized Basin. . 68 



5. DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF COASTAL CURRENTS WITHIN THE 



MISSISSIPPI SOUND AND ADJACENT CONTINENTAL SHELF 72 



5.1 Tidal Currents 72 



5.2 Wind-Driven Currents 107 



5.3 Density-Driven Currents 115 



5.4 Return Currents in Bottom Waters 117 



6. TRANSPORT, ENTRAINMENT AND DEPOSITION OF COHESIVE SEDIMENTS. . . 125 



6.1 Transport Modes of Cohesive Sediments 125 



6.2 Particle Size Distribution 125 



6.3 Cohesion of Sediments 127 



6.4 Turbulence and Collision/Coagulation Process 128 



6.5 Settling Speed of Sediment 133 



6.6 Entrainment of Cohesive Sediments 137 



6.7 Bottom Boundary Layer Dynamics 138 



6.8 Laboratory Study on Sediment Entrainment 144 



6.9 Deposition of Sediments 161 



7. SIMULATION OF SEDIMENT DISPERSION 



WITHIN THE MISSISSIPPI SOUND 168 



7.1 Mathematical Model 168 



7.2 Sediment Dispersion Due to Tidal Currents 174 



7.3 Sediment Dispersion Due to Wind-Driven Currents 182 



7.4 Wave Effect on Sediment Dispersion 186 



7.5 Deposition, Entrainment, and Transport of Sediments during 



9/02/80 to 9/08/80 198 



7.6 Deposition, Entrainment, and Transport of Sediment during 



9/20/80 to 9/25/80 205 



7.7 Summary 209 



8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 210 



REFERENCES 212 



APPENDIX A. Vertical Stretching of the Coordinates 221 



APPENDIX B. Lateral Stretching of the Coordinates 225 



APPENDIX C. Equation of State 229 



APPENDIX D. Hydraulic Applications of a Second-Order Closure Model 



of Turbulent Transport 233 



APPENDIX E. Advective Schemes 251 



APPENDIX F. Modeling Coastal Currents & Sediment Transport 265 



IV 



