120. LYZLOV, L.A. , "Design of Submerged Shore-Protection Breakwaters 

 for Wave Suppression," Transaations of the Scientific Coordinating 

 Session^ Oceanographic Commission of the Academy of Sciences, 

 U.S.S.R., 1966. 



121. MAGOON, O.T., "Offshore Breakwaters at Winthrop Beach, Massachu- 

 setts, Shove and Beaoh^ Vol. 44, No. 3, Oct. 1976, p. 34. Discus- 

 sion by P.S. Rosen, Apr. 1977, p. 37; Closure, Apr. 1977, p. 37. 



Keywords: Accretion, Massachusetts (Winthrop Beach), Segmented break- 

 water. Structural dimensions, Tombolo 



Paper gives a brief history of the segmented detached breakwaters 

 at Winthrop Beach. 



122. MAGOON, O.T., and EDGE, B.L., "Stabilization of Shorelines by Use 

 of Artificial Headlands and Enclosed Beaches," Coastal Zone '78^ 

 1978, pp. 1367-1370. 



Keywords: Artificial headlands, Compartmented breakwater, Crenulate- 

 shaped bay. Detached breakwater 



Paper presents a brief overview of the current use of coastal 

 structures, particularly enclosed beaches, detached breakwaters, and 

 artificial headlands. 



123. MANOHAR, M., "Sediment Movement at South Indian Ports," Proceedings 

 of the Sixth Conference on Coastal Engineering^ American Society 



of Civil Engineers, Vol. 1, 1957, pp. 359-405. 



Keywords: Accretion, Currents, Detached breakwater, Downdrift beaches, 

 India (Visakhapatnam) , Littoral transport, Sand trap. Ship 

 hulls, Structural dimensions. Structure settlement 



The mechanism of littoral transport is examined along with the 

 effect of structures on the littoral environment. The case histories 

 of several harbors are outlined. Visakhapatnam harbor has been improved 

 using a detached breakwater which acts as a sand trap to impound the 

 northerly moving littoral drift. The detached breakwater was formed by 

 sinking two ships and armoring them with rubble. 



124. MARCONSULT/ STUDIO VOLTA, "Interventi di Costruzione e Ricostruzione 

 di Spiagge in Liguria" (Beach Construction and Reconstruction Opera- 

 tions in Liguria), La Marina Mercantile^ Vol. 29, No. 3, Mar. 1976, 

 pp. 11-17 (in Italian--translation available in CERC library). 



Keywords: Beach fill, Italy (Amelia, Ceriale, Imperia, Ligure, and 

 Loano) , Offshore island 



This study examines several case histories in which artificial off- 

 shore islands, or island platforms, were used to stabilize eroding beaches 

 in Italy, along with beach fills. 



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