bits per individual for all stations. High species niimbers in summer were 

 generally counteracted by relatively low equitabilities (e), with H' show- 

 ing little seasonal change. The primary sources of nutrition for the epifauna 

 appeared to be (1) plankton and suspended particulate matter, (2) detritus and 

 microorganisms on the plant blades, and (3) epiphytic algae. 



63. MARSH, G.A., "Ecology of the Gastropod Epifauna of Eelgrass in a Virginia 

 Estuary," Chesapeake Seienae, Vol. 17, No. 3, Sept. 1976, pp. 182-187. 



Twenty-three species of gastropod mollusks, including 10 prosobranchia and 

 13 opisthobranchia, were collected during a 14-month period from Zostera in 

 the lower York River, Virginia. During the period, salinities ranged from 

 16.0 to 22.4 parts per thousand, and temperatures ranged from 2.8° to 28.3" 

 Celsius. Seasonal abundance, depth distribution, and notes on the life cycles 

 and general ecology of this epifauna are reported. Diastoma Vavium and Cre- 

 piduta aonvexa, the two most abundant species collected, occurred throughout 

 the year. 



64. MARSHALL, N. , and LUKES, K. , "Preliminary Observations on the Properties 

 of Bottom Sediments With and Without Eelgrass, Zostera marina. Cover," 

 Proceedings of the 1969 National Shell fisheries Association, Vol. 60, June 

 1970, pp. 107-111. 



In mid-July sediment conditions in a bed of Zostera marina were compared 

 with those of an open area on a shoal estuarine site in southern New England. 

 Zostera marina was rooted out of a plot, the blades were broken off to clear 

 another tract, and in the open area some of the sediment was raked. Sediments 

 from the altered and control plots were compared again in mid-August. Organic 

 carbon, percent water and gross color characteristics for successive levels 

 through the top 13 centimeters of the sediments were analyzed. Silt-clay was 

 measured at the sediment surface areas where Z. marina had higher levels of 

 organic carbon, a higher silt-clay content, and more interstitial water than 

 did the open areas. Sediments from contrasting areas were more alike beneath 

 the surface. Possible interrelationships between these surface parameters are 

 discussed. No changes attributed to the clearing or raking of plots were 

 observed in the 1-month period. 



65. MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, "Experimental Planting of Bay 

 Grasses," Pamphlet, Maryland Bay Grasses Oversight Committee, in Cooper- 

 ation with the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, Md., 

 1978. 



This pamphlet is for the citizens who wish to plant submerged grasses. It 

 tells what, where, and how to plant in the Chesapeake Bay. A form for evalu- 

 ating experimental bay grass transplanting is presented, and it is suggested 

 that this form be used for evaluating private plantings to provide information 

 to the Maryland Department of Natural Resources. 



66. MAYER, F.L., and LOW, J.B., "The Effect of Salinity on Widgeongrass , 

 Ruppia maritima," Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 34, No. 3, July 

 1970, pp. 658-661. 



The effects of salinity on widgeongrass {Ruppia maritima) were studied in 

 a greenhouse. Plant reproduction and seed germination were greatest in fresh- 

 water. Plants grown in salinities up to 12,000 parts per million produced 



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