underwater features. The fact that the corresponding rays do not intersect generally has the 

 effect of making the theoretical formulation of equations for determining water depths 

 from photos more involved. 



6409RS0001 

 SWANSON, LAWRENCE W., "Aerial Photography and Photogrammetry in the Coast and 



Geodetic Survey," Photogrammetric Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 5, Sept. 1964, pp. 



699-726. 

 Keywords: Aerial Photographs, Color Aerial Photographs, Coastal Mapping. 

 Article reviews functions of the USC&GS, and discusses the use of photogrammetry within 

 the Survey with special emphasis on color photos. Discussion covers such phases of color 

 photos as camera equipment, exposure conditions, film, suitable weather, sun spots, and 

 laboratory processing. A discussion of the advantages of color photos in the Survey program 

 is included. Color photos of coastal and other terrain features are included. These excellent 

 photos show the enormous amount of detail depicted on color photos. A brief review, with 

 an accompanying comparative illustration, of the characteristics of black and white infrared 

 photos concludes the article. 



6410RS0001 

 HARRIS, WILLIAM D., and JONES, BENNETT G., "Repeat Mapping for a Record of Shore 

 Erosion, Cape Kennedy, Florida," Shore and Beach, Vol. 32, No. 2, Oct. 1964, pp. 

 31-34. 



Keywords: Aerial Photographs, Photogrammetry, Coastal Mapping, Coastal Changes, Cape 

 Kennedy, Florida 



Paper discusses use of black and white infrared photos and photogrammetry by the 

 USC&GS to map the coast near Cape Kennedy, Florida. Photos were taken at about high 

 tide so that the liigh water Une could be interpreted from the black and white infrared 

 photos even with a moderate surf. Characteristics and advantages of infrared film are 

 discussed. Map compiled from the photos was compared to old charts dated 1877, 1929, 

 and 1948, to measure erosion. Amount of erosion or accretion is given for five selected 

 points along the shore. 



6411RS0001 

 GROENEVELD MEIJER, W. O. J., "Formula for Converstion of Stereoscopically Observed 

 Apparent Depth of Water to True Depth, Numerical Examples and Discussion," 

 Photogrammetric Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 6, Nov. 1964, pp. 1037-1045. 



Keywords: Aerial Photographs, Photogrammetry, Water Depths 



A formula is derived for converting apparent water depths observed in a stereo model 

 produced from photos to true depths. Correction factor is a variable that is dependent on 

 apparent water depth, index of refraction, location within the model, altitude, and base 

 length. The apparent water depth is multiplied by the computed correction factor, a positive 

 number generally between 1.3 and 1.5, to obtain true depths. The derived formula is 



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