Photographic Materials and Techniques 



It should be recognized from the beginning that beach photography 

 is ordinary photography under rather special circumstances. Accordingly, 

 the rules and techniques which apply in ordinary photography also apply 

 in beach photography. Some of these are: 



1. Expose at a shutter speed sufficiently fast that the 

 picture will not be blurred. Generally a shutter speed of 

 l/25th of a second or faster is required for a hand-held camera. 

 Longer exposures may be made by using a tripod or some other 

 support . 



2. Hold the camera still. If it is moved during exposure, 

 even at reasonably fast shutter speeds, pictures will be blurred 

 and enlargements will not be sharp. 



3. Be sure that the lens is focused correctly and, when 

 appropriate, take care to get proper depth of field for the 

 subject, or the general scene. 



4. Study your subject. Get the picture that will best 

 serve the purpose by selecting the angle from which the ex- 

 posure is made, and the lighting on the subject. 



5. Use an exposure meter. When a professional photog- 

 rapher considers an exposure meter a necessity in making good 

 pictures, the ordinary photographer should certainly use one. 



6. When the rising or setting sun appears red, open the 

 aperture a full f-stop more than called for by the exposure 

 meter. 



7. Always load and unload a camera in the shade if 

 possible and be very careful to keep the film wound tightly 

 on the spool. Wrap exposed film to prevent any light from 

 leaking in while awaiting development. 



In general, photography may be divided into two types; photography 

 using color film, and photography using black and white film. Color 

 photography is generally used when the end product desired is a positive 

 transparency or a "slide" which may be projected in a slide projector. 

 Because most slide projection equipment is designed to handle 35-ram. 

 or 2-inch by 2-inch slides exclusively, the 35-mm. or "miniature" camera 

 is used almost exclusively for color slide photography. Color, or even 

 black and white prints, may be made from color slides, but this is not 

 generally done since the involved processes required to obtain prints 

 are generally too expensive for routine purposes. This is also true 

 for color prints obtained from negative color films; however, much 



