ANTARCTIC ADVENTURE AND RESEARCH 



Africa in an area which has hardly been visited since, 

 though it is the venue of the present Austrahan 

 expedition under Sir Douglas Mawson in 1929-30. 

 On February 25th, 1831, when just on the circle he 

 saw ''an appearance of land" about longitude 48°, and 

 for nearly three weeks Biscoe fought the pack and the 

 blizzard in an attempt to reach the continent. From 

 March ist to the 8th the hurricane lasted without 

 intermission ; the bulwarks were stove in and several 

 boats lost or broken. On the sixteenth he again saw 

 the black cape projecting through the icy highlands, 

 to which he gave the name Cape Ann (see Figure 4). 

 To the whole coast, which seemed to extend for several 

 hundred miles east and west (from 48° E. to 56° E), 

 has been given the name of Enderby Land. This oc- 

 casion marks the true discovery of the Antarctic con- 

 tinent. He then made for Tasmania, where he was 

 rejoined by his cutter, the ''Lively," whose crew had 

 nearly died of starvation near the site of Melbourne 

 before they could make the port of Hobart. Biscoe 

 returned to England via the southern Pacific route. 

 Near the Russian discoveries he met with very open 

 water and so discovered Adelaide Island to the north 

 of Alexander Land. He also landed on the Palmer 

 Archipelago, and the vast rocky ranges to the east were 

 named Graham Land after the First Lord of the 

 Admiralty. 



Another famous captain of the Enderby whalers 

 was Balleny. He sailed south from New Zealand and 

 in February, 1839, he discovered the group of volcanic 

 islands just on the Antarctic Circle (longitude 



22 



