ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIGURE PAGE 



12. Gomphocephalus, the largest animal of Ant- 



arctica. Archeocyathus, the oldest fossil 

 in Antarctica, where dwarf forms, a few 

 millimeters wide, occur 96 



13. Plan and section of Taylor Valley showing 



two riegel 112 



14. Debris-cones between Erebus Glacier and 



the sea-ice, near Cape Evans . . . . 118 



15. Block diagram showing the ice-free Taylor 



Valley, 18 miles long, and the ice divide 

 between the Taylor and Ferrar glaciers 123 



16. Sections illustrating the evolution of the 



riegel in Taylor Valley 125 



17. Block diagrams illustrating the "palimpsest 



theory" of glacier erosion applied to the 

 Royal Society Range 128 



18. Diagram showing positions of the layer of 



maximum nivation at present, and in the 

 Pleistocene. Pleiocene conditions are 

 merely suggested 132 



19. Sketches illustrating the classification of 



glaciers 138 



20. The Herbertson Glacier pressing into the 



Ferrar Glacier on the left 149 



21. A vertical section through ''confluent ice" 



and Drygalski Tongue. Vertical section 

 along front face of Ross Ice Shelf, look- 

 ing north 155 



22. Bathymetric maps of East Antarctica . . 159 



23. Vertical section of ocean north of Gauss- 



berg, showing stratification of water . 161 



24. Block diagram of Granite Harbor . . . 167 



X 



