THE CONTINENT 



bounded in places by great fault scarps, and only in one 

 segment, Graham Land, exhibiting anything like the 

 characteristic foldings of the late Tertiary crustal 

 buckles. Moreover, Wilkins' recent exploration seems 

 to show that this Antarc-Andean folding of Graham 

 Land dies away at latitude 70° against the low plateau 

 of Hearst Land. On the other hand, there may be 

 a line of folded ranges extending from South America 

 to New Zealand which have been crumpled from the 

 Pacific against the solid resistant shield of East Ant- 

 arctica. It is precisely in this region between the 

 Weddell Sea and Edward VII Land that w^e know so 

 little. We have some assurance for believing that the 

 African and Australian quadrants of Antarctica form 

 one solid Plateau Shield (see Figure 10). The Ameri- 

 can quadrant includes a great drowned mountain range 

 akin in origin to the Andes. But what is the build 

 of the hypothetical Pacific quadrant, most of which is 

 entirely unknown from Charcot Land to Edward VII 

 Land? It is an interesting speculation, but worth 

 suggesting, as I did in 1914, that the West Australian 

 Shield, the Australian Horst,^ theTasman Sea and New 

 Zealand are to be equated with similar structures in 

 the South. These are the Great Ice Plateau (shield?) 

 of East Antarctica, the South Victoria Horst, the 

 Ross-Weddell depression and the Graham Land- 

 Edward Land Folds. 



Geology. — In two regions only has there been ade- 

 quate mapping and collecting of the geological data. 

 These two areas are those to the wTst and southwest 



^ Horst : An elevated crustal block bounded by scarps. 



89 



