ICE SHEETS AND GLACIERS 



and fifteen feet wide. There were apparently two gen- 

 era present, one reminding me of the alga Ulva. 



Next day I climbed up the hill slopes just north of 

 the snout of the Ferrar Glacier to a height of two 

 thousand five hundred feet. The rock was a flaky 

 gray granite with numerous dark dykes. The diabase 

 morainic material of the ancient Ferrar Glacier seemed 

 to reach about 1,900 feet above the present surface of 

 the glacier, and in the lower portions of the climb were 

 numerous erratics of garnet gneiss, pegmatite and 

 varieties of basalt (see Figure 15). 



At my highest point I was well above the ''shoulder" 

 of the Kukri Hills though not near their summit, 

 which is here about 3,500 feet. I could see that the 

 hanging "curtain" glacier alongside originated in a 

 nearly level snow field. A sharp arete separated its 

 snow field from another to the west. Undoubtedly the 

 upper slopes of the Kukri Hills form a sort of very flat 

 roof-ridge. The resemblance is indeed very close to an 

 old roof of galvanized iron where the individual sheets 

 have sagged down between the rafters. Each of the 

 depressions is a snow field occupying a shallow, elon- 

 gated cirque. In fact these are evidently the senile 

 cirques of the Ice Flood Age. 



Traverse up the Center. — Here as elsewhere the 

 lower glacier surface is much dissected by thaw water, 

 etc., while the upper reaches are of hard blue ice. The 

 glacier ice is in wide undulations and the surface drain- 

 age runs diagonally from south to north across the 

 glacier. About five miles above the snout on the 

 twenty-ninth of January there were four shallow 



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