OCEANOGRAPHY AND SEA-ICE 



Weddell Sea. This led to the "marooning" of Scott's 

 northern party at Terra Nova Bay in 191 2, and made 

 it impossible to pick up the writer's western party on 

 the same coast — though the latter party managed to get 

 back the shorter distance to the hut before the advent 

 of winter. It seems clear that ships entering either 

 of these seas should keep down the east side of the seas, 

 where open water remains much later than on the 

 western side. 



As Priestley points out, the weather which produces 

 most pack ice is rather a stormy zannter than a cold 

 winter. In Robertson Bay he watched pack ice form- 

 ing and then being blown north again and again. He 

 states that sufficient ice to fill the Bay at least five times 

 was produced in 191 1. In a calm cold winter, only 

 one layer of pack ice is formed and then freezing prac- 

 tically ceases. It seems likely that the excessively 

 windy conditions of 1911, 191 2, 19 13 would result in 

 an unusual width and massiveness of the pack ice. 

 Captain J. K. Davis reported continual broadening of 

 the pack ice off Adelie Land and w^estward between 

 1 9 12 and 1 91 4. This is shown in the annexed figure, 

 and elsewhere (see footnote p. 158) I discuss the bear- 

 ing which this change in the volume of the pack ice 

 may have on the climate of Australia. 



Turning to the other side of Antarctica a valuable 

 table has been compiled by R. G. Mossman " which 

 shows how the bay ice varied in Scotia Bay in the 

 South Orkneys during the twelve years 1903 to 1914. 



-See the Geographical Journal (London), December, 1916. 



