ANTARCTIC ADVENTURE AND RESEARCH 



conditions. I shall confine my attention principally to 

 the conditions on Ross Island, which have been ob- 

 served longer than in any other place so far south as 

 yS'^ S. The temperature changes are shown graphically 

 in the graphs in Figure 28, based mainly on G. C. Simp- 

 son, where a record for 78° N. is added for comparison 

 with 78° S. (of course wdth months changed as re- 

 quired). It is seen that the southern locality is nearly 

 20° F. colder in summer, autumn, and winter though 

 in spring the temperatures are much closer. 



Temperatures varied very greatly within fairly short 

 distances near Ross Island. Thus in the winter of 

 191 1 Wilson's party on the Barrier on July 6th ex- 

 perienced — y6° F., w^hile at Cape Evans it was 

 —43° F., involving a difference of 33°. So also just 

 before Scott died near One Ton Camp the temperature 

 on March 8th was +2^^ F. at Cape Evans (latitude 

 78°) and — 33°F. at latitude 79^°. Yet later when 

 Dr. Atkinson made a short journey on the Barrier on 

 March 28th and 29th the temperature had risen to 

 -5° and -7° F. 



We may consider briefly the differences of summer 

 temperature close to the North Pole and at the South 

 Pole ; again using Simpson's data : 



186 



