118 THE ANTARCTIC. 



1842. Here he had the good fortune to find a self- 

 registering thermometer which had been placed there by 

 Captain Foster in 1829, and which indicated a minimum 

 temperature of — 5*08° F. 1 ; the index being somewhat out 

 of order had failed to register the maximum temperature. 

 The most important result of the voyage, however, was 

 the verification of the fact that Graham's Land and 

 Palmer Land were not joined together ; for Smiley, 

 according to his instructions, sailed completely round 

 the latter, thus becoming the forerunner of the German 

 navigator, Captain Dallmann, in the discovery of Bismarck 

 Straits. 



Far more important than the voyage or voyages of 

 Smiley is the enterprise of the Pagoda, commanded by 

 Lieutenant Moore. As Moore had received instruc- 

 tions to make magnetic observations south of the 60th 

 parallel of latitude, and between meridians o° and 100° E. 

 longitude, where none had been made by Ross, Wilkes, or 

 Dumont d'Urville, his voyage may be regarded as comple- 

 mentary to that of Ross. Moore left Simon's Bay on the 

 9th of January, 1845, met ms ^ rst iceberg on the 25th in 

 latitude 53° 30' S. and longitude f 3c/ E., but was as 

 unsuccessful as either Cook or Ross in finding 1 the 

 Bouvet Islands. Parallel 6o° S. was crossed on the 

 30th of January, in longitude 3° 45' E., and almost simul- 

 taneously such heavy pack-ice was encountered that 

 Moore was compelled to steer S.E. instead of S.W., 

 more especially as the edge of the pack could be seen 

 far away to the south. A peculiar rock was here ob- 

 served, a mass of about 165,000 cubic feet, the summit of 

 which was covered with ice and showed no movement, 

 while a heavy surf beat all around it and the rock itself 

 bore visible traces of the action of the breakers. Moore 

 immediately took soundings, and it seemed as if the 



1 The original gives 2o - 6° C, which has been translated as — 20*6°. 

 [The Translator.] 



