186 THE ANTARCTIC. 



latitude 63 53' S. and longitude 62° 10' W. as far as 

 Bismarck Straits in the south, in about 65° io' S. latitude, 

 and extends from Hughes Gulf in perhaps 6i° 30' W. 

 longitude to about 63° 4c/ W. longitude. The northern 

 half is divided by Dallmann Bay, a deep sweep, into two 

 rather narrow peninsulas or islands, with Cape Cockburn 

 and Mount Parry, apparently of high elevation, on the 

 easternmost. In the south-west of Dallmann's Bay a 

 small strait branches off to the south, and this may 

 probably be connected with Roosen Straits, which are 

 wider, and extend from the end of Bismarck Straits 

 northward. If these circumstances exist, the whole west 

 coast of Palmer Land, with its lofty mountain, Mount 

 Williams, discovered by Biscoe, forms a separate island. 

 Nothing whatever is known of what lies to the east 

 beyond Roosen Straits. 



The land which is surrounded by a fringe of dunes 

 on all its coasts is glaciated according to height. Dallmann 

 states that with few exceptions the coast is formed by a 

 wall of ice "several hundred feet in height". On the 

 other hand Biscoe found a shore free from ice and snow 

 at the foot of Mount Williams, close to which no bottom 

 had been reached at a depth of 1 2 1 feet, thus indicating 

 a well-marked steep shore, from which the rock, after 

 forming a narrow surf terrace, abruptly rises to consider- 

 able height. Unfortunately we have no account from the 

 two explorers who have visited this region of the rocks 

 they met with, so that no conjecture can be made either 

 as to the geological structure of Palmer Land or its 

 interior and its relation to other regions. 



7. GRAHAM'S AND ALEXANDER LANDS. 



South of the Dirk Gerritz Archipelago lies Graham's. 

 Land, the largest land mass hitherto discovered south of 

 Drake Strait. In the "History of Discovery" it was 



