CHAP. I. 



LEAD-LINES 



55 



In addition to the above marking, every half fathom up to 

 20 fathoms ifi to be marked " Yellow," and every intermediate 

 5 fathoms above 50 fathoms is to be marked with " One knot.'' 



Lead-UneS are to have, in addition, " one knot " ins^erted 

 at 1, 2, 4, and 5 feet of each fathom, for a sufficient length 

 of line so as to ensure that at least 40 feet (reduced) may be 

 measured at high water springs — e.g., given spring rise of 

 27 feet, 27 + 40 = 67 feet, therefore line is to be marked in feet 

 to 12 fathoms. 



BEACONS. 



Floating beacons are frequently of great service ; they can 

 be moored in almost any depth. 



These are now generally made on board. A useful and 

 convenient form is depicted in Fig. 9, which pretty well 

 explains itself. 



The heads of the two 27-gallon casks should be filled up 



