CHAP. XVII.] DELINEATION, SYMBOLS, COLOURING 379 



or the paper will distort, and the tracing will not fit. Also in 

 drying, that it does so gradually and generally, not allomng a 

 streak of sunlight, for example, to fall across one part of the 

 sheet. 



If using colour, the following tints should be used for the 

 different parts : 



Towns aud Buildings ,. ., Carmine. 



Hills . . . . . . . , Payne's Gray. 



Cliffs Black, 



Roads Burnt Sienna. 



Kivers and Lakes .. .. Prussian Blue. 



Sand, Sand Banks, Sand Hiils ur ) Gamboge, dots black, Carmine 



Sandy Islets ( dots for low water round edge. 



Sliingle Eaw Sienna. 



Coral .. .. .. .. Carmine and Burnt Sienna. 



Low Water Rocks .. .. Burnt Sienna. 



Mud .... i P^yiie's Gray, edge of fine 



( black dots. 



Mangroves, Cultivated Ground, ] ^ ■ ^ 



ri HIT 1 m > Prussian Green. 



Grass, Meadows, Trees . . . . ) 



S warn i)s and Marshy Laud .. Prussian Blue. 



Tne three and five fathom lines should be coloured with cobalt — the 

 former with a light tint all over the space included between it and low water, 

 and the latter with a narrow edge inside the fathom line. 



N.B. — To make Indian ink perfectly' black, mix a little indigo with it. 



When the country is mountainous, no general wash, but 

 only a local green in the valleys, and on flat ground, has a 

 good effect. 



As hills in most large-scale charts are now engraved in con- hhis, 

 tours, it is best to use this system in the fair chart. 



Shading of Indian ink, put on with a brush, is done quickly, 

 and shows up very well. 



Simple contour lines will enable the chart to be engraved 

 almost as well as the other modes, but does not look so 

 well. 



A specimen of this method of delineating hills is shown in 

 Fig. 73, and it is the most suitable for reduction in scale by 

 photography. 



In charts issued by the British Admiralty the shading is put 

 on hills as though it were a raised map with the light coming 

 from the north-we^t. 



