CHAP. XVII.] DELINEATION, SYMBOLS, COLOURING 381 



In inserting the names, care should be taken that no letters Names. 

 are upside down. Thus, it is often necessary to write a name 

 in nearly a meridional direction, and it will depend upon 

 whether the trend of the name is east or west of the meridian, 

 whether it is written from south to north or north to 

 south. 



Thus in the two instances given here, Fig. 74, if the names 

 had been written in the opposite direction, part of them would 

 have been upside down. All names should be readable bj^ 

 turning the head, without the necessity of moving the 

 chart.* 



All names of capes, etc., should be as much on the land 

 as possible. The soundings being the most important part 

 of a chart, they should be kept as clear and distinct as 

 practicable. 



Different characters should be used for the names of different 

 classes of objects — thus, one style for bays, another for points, 

 another for shoals, and so on. 



Fig- 74- 



If native names cannot be ascertained, other names should 

 be given by the surveyor to prominent points, islands, shoals, 

 etc. It is difficult to write sailing directions unless there are a 

 sufficient number of names to refer to. It is also inconvenient 

 for the navigator using the chart to be unable to record con- 

 cisely such points of land, etc., of which he is likely to take 

 bearings. 



- Photography being now largely used to assist in the Drawing 

 rapid production of the surveyors' work after its receipt in ^^^^^^ 

 office, colour washes should be avoided, as it is found that 

 they prevent a faithful reproduction of the work by this 

 means. 



The following colours are most suitable to depict the various 



* Vide " Instructions for Hydrographic Surveyors" for useful hints. 



