Trees, Shrubs, Vines Attractive to Birds 203 



HERBACEOUS PLANTS, continued **Phytolacca dccaiidra, Pokeberry. 



**Fragaria virginiana, Strawberry. Smilacina raccmosa, False Spike- 



Gaultheria procumbens, Checkerberry. nard. 



Helianthus anmius, Sunflower. Solaniim nigrum, Nightshade. 



I have included in the above list the common barberry {Berheris vulgaris) 

 and the common privet {Ligustrum vulgare), because, although they were 

 introduced species, they have now so spread over the country as to be classed 

 as natives. 



I should have liked to include the hackmatack {Larix americana) in this 

 list, as well as the Norway pine (Pinus resinosa), but was forced to leave them 

 out through lack of sufficient evidence of the birds feeding upon them. It is 

 a matter of common knowledge that the buds and cones of the European 

 larch are, in this country, very attractive to certain members of the Finch 

 family; but I have been unable to get hold of proper data regarding the Ameri- 

 can larch, and the same is true of the Norway pine. I should [have liked also 

 to be able to include various of the honeysuckles (Lonicera parviflora, 

 ciliata and ccerulea); but was forced to leave them out for lack of proper 

 data. I should have liked to be able to include the silver berry (Elceagnus 

 argentea), the burning bush {Eunoymus atropurpureus), and the Indian 

 currant {Symphoricarpos vulgaris), as all three of them are attractive to 

 birds; but was forced to leave them out because, although they are planted 

 frequently throughout New England, and originally came from areas just 

 without its boundaries, I do not know that they are as yet growing wild here. 



For help in compiling this list I am indebted to Mr. Walter Deane, of 

 Cambridge, Mass., and to other members of the Nuttall Ornithological Club 

 of that city, as well as to the following books on the subject: 



Nature Study and Life, by Clifton F. Hodge. 



Birds in Their Relation to Man, by Clarence M. Weed and Ned Dearborn, 



Useful Birds and Their Protection, by Edward H. Forbush, 



Methods of Attracting Birds, by Gilbert H. Trafton, 



Birds of the Village and Field, by Florence A. Merriam. 



Numerous reports of the Biological Survey, including 



Food Habits of the Grosbeaks, by W. L. McAtee, 



Food of the Woodpeckers of the United States, by F. E. L. Beal, and 

 particularly to 



Plants Useful to Attract Birds and Protect Fruit, by W. L. McAtee. 



