The Migration of North American Sparrows 



EIGHTEENTH PAPER 

 Compiled by Professor W. W, Cooke, Chiefly from Data in the Biological Survey 



With drawings by Louis Agassiz Fuertes 

 (See Frontispiece) 



TOWHEE 



The Towhees of eastern North America have been separated into two 

 forms differing in the color of the eyes; the southern form, the White-eyed 

 Towhee, is resident in the southeastern United States from South CaroHna to 

 Florida. The breeding range of the other form, the Red-eyed Towhee, extends 

 from near the northern boundary of the white-eyed form north to Canada. 

 The two forms are together during the winter, the red-eyed race arriving in 

 its southward migration at Raleigh, N. C, on the average, October 13, earliest, 

 October 4, 1889; Atlanta, Ga., (near) average, October 12, earliest, October 

 5, 1903; northern Florida, average, October 15, earliest, October 11, 1903. It 

 departs on the average from northern Florida, April 18, latest, May 2, 1909; 

 Atlanta, Ga., (near) average, April 21, latest, April 27, 1902; Raleigh, N. C., 

 average. May 7, latest, May 15, 1886. Near Gainesville, Texas, it arrives 

 on the average, October 27, earliest, October 5, 1888; and leaves on the average, 

 April 20, latest. May 12, 1885. 



There could scarcely be found a better example of migration occurring 

 earlier west of the Alleghenies than at corresponding latitudes to the eastward. 

 The Towhees arrive in northern Ohio more than a month earlier than at the 

 same latitude on the Atlantic coast. At the date of their arrival in Washing- 

 ton, D. C., they have already been present for a week at Beaver, Pa., a hundred 

 and fifty miles farther north. 



SPEING MIGRATION 



PLACE 



Newmarket, Va 



White Sulphur Springs, W. Va 



Washington, D. C 



Philadelphia, Pa. (near) 



Berwyn, Pa 



Beaver, Pa 



Renovo, Pa 



Morristown, N. J 



Englewood, N. J. 



New Providence, N. J 



Flatbush, N. Y 



Alfred, N. Y 



Hadlyme, Conn 



Jewett City, Conn 



Hartford, Conn 



Number 

 of years' 

 record 



14 

 6 



19 

 14 



13 



ID 



14 

 10 



13 



9 



13 



Average date of 

 spring arrival 



April 19 

 April 14 

 April 5 

 April 22 

 April 22 

 March 29 

 April 23 

 April 22 

 April 23 

 April 24 

 April 23 

 April 26 

 April 24 

 April 24 

 April 26 



Earliest date of 

 spring arrival 



March 31, 1889 

 March 29, 1897 

 Rare, winter. 

 March 31, 1895 

 March 29, 1904 

 March 13, 1908 

 April 5, 1905 

 April 15, 1905 

 April 9, 1905 

 April 17, 1893 

 April 17, 1893 

 April 19, 1909 

 April 20, 1896 

 April 13, 1886 

 April 19, 1909 



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