TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 201 



ourselves were witnesses of the gradual decrease in size of this 

 island as, for instance, when in the winter of 1 741 at Yushini 

 Pad*^ (Yushin's Valley) a considerable amount of material was 

 washed off the mountains and in the spring, split by the frost, 

 plunged down of its own accord. It also happened that, after 

 I had gone w^estwards along shore under a cliff on June 18, I 

 found on my return after several days that the whole rock mass 

 had fallen into the sea in this short time and that the whole 

 region had thus acquired a different appearance. 



As regards its shore, the southern side of the island is entirely 

 different from the northern; and, although the shore is much 

 more rocky and broken up, there are two places along it where 

 one can land without any danger and, in small or flat boats, for 

 instance skerr>' boats, can enter the mouths of the streams, or 

 rather of the inland lakes that empty into the sea through a 

 short canal, and find refuge as if in a harbor. The first place is 

 7 Dutch miles from the southeastern cape in a large bay which 

 can readily be identified at sea from the rock pillar lying at the 

 western headland.*^ It is this place that was called by us Yushini 

 Pad*9 (Yushin's Valley) after its first discoverer, navigator 

 Yushin. 



The other place^° is 115 versts from the southeastern cape and 

 50 from the northwestern and is still more readily identifiable 

 because the land at this point turns from north to west, in the 

 angle of which a little river ^^ empties, which is the largest in the 



*"> See, below, footnote 49. 



4 8 Instead of "at the western headland" the MS reads "at the south- 

 eastern end." If the former reading is correct, probably Ostrovnoi Mys 

 (PI. II) is meant; if the latter, the rocks off the southern entrance to 

 Lissonkovaya Bay. (S) 



*9 This is Lissonkovaya Bay (PI. II; see Deutsche Geogr. Blatter, 

 Vol. 8, 1885, p. 245, and Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., Vol. i6, 1896, p. 38). 

 "7 Dutch miles" is probably a copyist's slip for 2 Dutch miles. (S) 



50 The site of the present settlement of Nikolski (PI. II), the largest 

 on the island. (S) 



51 The stream flowing out of Gavanskoe Ozero, or Gavan Lake 

 (PI. II; see also Deutsche Geogr. Blatter, Vol. 8, 1885, p. 229, and Btill. 

 U. S. Fish Comm., Vol. 16, 1896. p. 38). (S) 



