HUNGAEY. 



97 



increase may be mentJoned the two villages of Dettva, in the comitat of Zolyom, 

 which, from mere farms in the midst of a forest, have grown into jolaces having 

 over 12,000 inhabitants each. Tiiroez-Szent-Marton may be looked upon as the 

 literary centre of the Slovaks. 



The Ruthenians, or Little Paissians, inhabit the hills in which the Theiss and 

 its upper tributaries have their sources, to the east of the Slovaks. These 

 Russians — called Oroszok by the Magyars — first established themselves in the 

 forests which formerly covered the whole of the Carpathians, and gradually spread 

 over the extensive territory extending from the Tâtra to the mountains of 

 Transylvania. A few districts in which German was spoken a hundred years 

 ago have become Ruthenian, but elsewhere there are large tracts inhabited by 



Fig. 61. — The Slovaks of Hungary 

 According to Ficker. Scale 1 : 4,125,000. 



i.'iE.of Paris 



Over sopsji 



Ocer so p.c^ 



100 Miles. 



Ruthenians, where only Magyar or Rumanian is spoken now. Though kinsmen 

 of the Russians, the hosts of Paskiewitch, when they invaded Hungary in 1(S49, 

 were not hailed as liberators by these the most peaceable of all Slavs. The 

 principal centre of the Ruthenians in Hungary is Ushgorod (Unghvar). 



The Servians, who now form the bulk of the population in the Banat and 

 elsewhere in the south, first arrived in large numbers after the Servian kingdom 

 had been overthrown by the Turks. Before that time the Servians were repre- 

 sented to the north of the Danube by a few colonies only ; but in 1G90 

 more than 36,000 Rascian zadnigas, numbering perhaps 400,000 or 500,000 

 individuals, sought a refuge in Hungary. Those of them who were assigned 

 lands in Central or Northern Hungary gradually disappeared amongst the general 



