112 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



the Danube, and is commanded by the guns of Peterwardein. The interesting- 

 plateau of Titel, surrounded by the Theiss and by swamps extending from that river 

 to the Danube, lies to the west. Fancsova (Pancevo, 13,408 inhabitants), at the 

 mouth of the Temes below Belgrad, is inhabited by Servians. 



There are more populous towns on the Theiss (Tisza) than on the Danube. The 

 followino- are in the comitat of Jaszkun-Szolnok : — Szolaok {lô,^-il inhabitants), 

 Jànz Berénij (20,233 inhabitants), Karczag (143,486 inhabitants), Torak-Szent-Miklos 

 (13,000 inhabitants), and Mezô-Tùr (10,447 inhabitants). Between Szolnok and 

 Szeged the river flows past Csongrnd (17,356 inhabitants) and Szentes (27,658 inha- 

 bitants). Near it are iV^r/f/// Kuros (20,091 inhabitants), Kecskemet (41,195 

 inhahitants), Fe kg i/hâza (21,313 inhabitants), and IIôl-Mez'ô-Vàsdrhely (j9,153 

 inhabitants). Below Szeged we reach Kanizsa, the port of the city of Maria- 

 Theresiopel (Szabadka, 56,323 inhabitants), after which comes Zenta (19,938 inha- 

 bitants), where Prince Eugene defeated the Turks in 1697. To the east is the 

 important market-town of Nagy Kikinda (18,834 inhabitants), as well as JSfagij 

 Becskerek (19,666 inhabitants), on the river Bega, in. the midst of a country exposed 

 to inundation. 



Gytila (18,495 inhabitants), Békés (22,547 inhabitants), and Szanris (22,446 

 inhabitants), are within the basin of the river Koros. The Maros, a fur more 

 important river, is defended by the citadel of Arad, below which nestles the city of 

 6 Arad (32,725 inhabitants), one of the busiest industrial centres of Hungary. 

 Not fiir from here, at the foot of the hills, lies Viragos, of mournful memory. 

 3fakô (2 .',449 inhabitants) is the largest amongst the towns below Arad. The 

 famous stud of Mez'ahegyes lies in the Puszta, to the north of the river Maros. 



Temesvdr (32,223 inhabitants), the old capital of the Banat, claims with Arad to 

 be the most important city of South-eastern 'Hungary. A few other towns of 

 consequence are in its neighbourhood, such as Werschitz (Versecz, 21,095 inhabitants) 

 and Oldh Lugôs (3,350 inhabitants) ; but we are approaching the hilly coimtry. 

 The towns can no longer compare in population with those of the Puszta, 

 and Kardnsehes, Oravicza (a mining town), and Mehddia are far less populous than 

 the scattered villages oî Hcdas (13,127 inhabitants), JVdnds, or Bdszdrméiiy, which 

 lie out in the plain. 



Kolozsvdr (Klausenburg,Cliusi,26,382 inhabitants) is the most important town in 

 Transylvania, though not the most populous. It is the capital of the Magyars, 

 who have their principal schools there. Under the Romans Kolozsvar was one of the 

 principal cities of Dacia. It then became a German town, and was surrounded 

 with turreted walls. The suburbs now spread far beyond them, along both banks 

 of the river Szamos. The only other towns on the river are Szaiiws UJvdr 

 (Armenierstadt, 5,188 inhabitants), a head-quarter of the Armenians, Fees (5,822 

 inhabitants), and Bistritz (7,212 inhabitants), seated in the midst of magnificent 

 forests. The small watering-place of Radna (Rothenau) lies near the source of 

 the Szamos, not far from the frontier. 



The largest town on the Maros is Maros Vdsdrhely (12,' 78), principally inha- 

 bited by Székely. Having been joined by the Aranyos, which rises in a mining 



