154 



AUSTRIA-HUNGAEY. 



tion of the Austrian Empire, are nevertlieless being governed by Austrian officials, 

 and tbe probability of these countries being returned to Turkey is a very 

 remote one.* 



The area and population of the great political divisions of the empire are as 



follows : — 



The Church is still a powerful institution in the empire, for its dignitaries 

 not only enjoy large emoluments, but, as members of the Diets, they also exercise 

 a considerable political influence. The sovereign must be a Roman Catholic. 

 The State recognises the Roman Catholic Church, with its three " rites," the 

 Greek Catholic Church, the Armenians, Lutherans, Calvinists, Unitarians, and 

 Jews. In Austria all other confessions are admitted, provided thej^ teach nothing 

 " contrary to the laws of the land and to morals." In Hungary, however, dis- 

 senters are merely " tolerated." 



The Roman Church supports an army of 36,000 priests, and the number of 

 ecclesiastics, inclusive of monks and nuns, exceeds 51,000, of whom 31,000 reside 

 in Cis-Leithania. 



The Orthodox Greek Catholics had formerly but one patriarch, who resided at 

 Karlovci, in Syrmia ; but in 1864 the Rumanians separated from the Servians, and 

 elected a patriarch of their own, whose seat is Hermannstadt. In 1873 Govern- 

 ment separated the dioceses of Zara and Cattaro from the patriarchate of Karlovci, 

 and placed them under the Patriarch of Czernowitz. 



The Lutheran Churches are governed by a Consistory, and the Calvinists by a 



* Bosnia and Herzegovina :— Area, 27,367 square miles; population, 1,061,000. See vol. i. p. 126. 



