GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTEATION. 



155 



General Synod, both meeting at Vienna. The Consistory of the Unitarians has its 

 seat at Hermannstadt, in Transylvania.* 



The Army is an institution common to the two halves of the empire, the 

 Militia (called Landicehr in Austria, Honveds in Hungary) alone having a local 

 character. In 1868 the army was reorganized on the model of that of Prussia. 

 The term of service is three years in the active army, seven years in the reserve, 

 and two years in the LandiccJir. On a peace footing the army numbers 285,000 men, 

 with 47,540 horses, but in time of war the military forces can be raised to a 

 strength of more than 1,000,000 men, with 1,600 field guus.f 



The Navy consists of 68 vessels, with 404 guns, manned in time of war by 

 12,000 Istrian and Dalmatian sailors. Fourteen of the vessels are armour-clad, 

 the most powerful being the Tegethoff, armed with six 25-ton guns, and clad with 

 armour 13 inches in thickness. 



The finances of the empire are in a most unsatisfactory condition, and it 

 happens frequently that the Government hardly knows where to find the money to 

 pay its army of functionaries. In the course of the last hundred years it only 

 happened twice that there was a surplus. The common exi^enses, towards which 

 Austria contributes 68 per cent, and Hungary 32 per cent., are met, no doubt, but 

 the separate Budgets of Austria and Hungary only too plainly exhibit the deficiency 

 in the revenue. Two-thirds of all the receipts are swallowed up by the army and 

 the public debt, leaving but one-third to defray the expenses of administration, 

 public works, and education. The taxation is consequently very heavy, more 

 especially if we bear in mind the poverty of the inhabitants. The public debt is 

 increasing from year to year, and amounts already to six years' revenue. We 

 need not wonder, under these circumstances, that Austria-Hungary enjoys but 

 small credit in the financial world, and that its bank-notes are never accepted 

 without a heavy discount. This financial distress most seriously threatens the 



* Religious confessions (1869) 

 Latin rite . 



Roman 



Catholics 



Greek . 

 ' Armenian 



Total 



Protestants . 



Orthodox Greeks . 



Gregorian Armenians 



Jews 



Without confession 



Total 20,408.370 



15,553,370 



35,960,740 



t Active army 



Austrian Landwehr . 

 Hungarian Honveds 

 Gendarmerie . 

 Remount Service 



Total 



