182 



GERMANY. 



ments about 20 miles in extent, which Villers, early in the eighteenth century, 

 constructed along the right hank of the Luuter. 



The hilly region bounding the plain of Northern Alsace has likewise become 

 famous in the military history of Western Europe. Zaheni (Saverne, 5,771 

 inhabitants), the Roman Très Tabcrnœ, defends the principal pass of the Yoso-es. 

 Near it, during the Peasants' War, 16,000 of these unfortunate beings were 

 massacred by the troops of Anton of Lorraine after their lives had been promised 

 them. Pfahhurg (2,425 inhabitants), farther west, on the high-road to Paris, has 

 been dismantled. It only succumbed to hunger in 1870. The neiohbourino- fort 

 of Lidzelstetn (Petite-Pierre) was not even defended. Bitsch (1,987 inhabitants). 



Fig. 106.— Metz. 

 Scale 1 : 200,000. 



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in the north, is really impregnable, its casemates being hewn out of the solid rock. 

 It only surrendered after the treaty of peace had been signed. The population 

 of the whole of this district is very warlike. No other town counts so many 

 generals amongst its children as Pfalzburg. 



Saargemund (Sarreguemines, 8,466 inhabitants) is the only important town in 

 the valley of the Saar (Sarre), but, like Forbach (4,729 inhabitants), St. Avoid 

 (2,715 inhabitants), and other places in the vicinity, it has been surpassed by the 

 Prussian town of Saarbriicken, which enjoys the advantage of lying in the centre 

 of a most productive coal basin. The towns of Dieuze (2,659 inhabitants), 

 Moyemic, Vic (2,114 inhabitants), and C/mteau- Salins (2,060 inhabitants), on the 

 Seille or its affluent, the Little Seille, are known on account of their salt mines. 



