HESSE AND NASSAU. 



203 



E,lieingau (in the west) its cellar, the Maingau (in the east) its timber and stone 

 yard, and the Gerau (in the south) its kitchen garden." Numerous factories have 

 been established in the neighbouring villages, as well as at Offenbach (25,911 

 inhabitants), a Hessian town a few miles above Frankfort. 



The fortifications of Frankfort were razed in 1804, and the sites converted into 

 public walks ; new streets facilitating communications have been built ; and the 

 famous old Jews' Street (Judengasse) has nearly disappeared. The time when the 

 Jews were locked up in it during the night and on Christian holidays, and when 

 they were subject to other disabilities, now lies far behind us. 



The old parish church, or Dom, with its fine tower dating back to the 

 thirteenth century, is most cherished by the natives of the town. The town- 



Fig. 117. — Frankfort-on-Main. 

 Scale 1 : 100,000. 



77"'. ' 



"''--^'^^Xù^:---;-/^!^' -^ '"-^^f^> 



R I "fO F of Gr 



1 Mile. 



hall, known as the Homer (Roman), contains the hall in which the German 

 emperors were elected, and which is ornamented with their portraits by modern 

 artists. The Sialhof, close by, occupies the site of Charlemagne's palace. The 

 circular church of St. Paul recalls the German Parliament of 1848. There are an 

 Art Institute, with a gallery of paintings, a natural-history museum, a town 

 library, a botanical and a zoological garden, and several scientific societies. Statues 

 of Gutenberg, Schiller, and Goethe (the latter the most illustrious of the town's 

 sons) ornament the public squares. Minor monuments recall Boerne, Feuerbach, 

 and other famous citizens. 



Hanau (22,409 inhabitants), towards the east, at the fork of the great high-roads 

 leading to Leipzig and Niirnberg, may be looked upon as an outpost of Frankfort. 

 It first rose into importance about the close of the sixteenth century, when Flemish, 



