THUEINGIA AND THE HAEZ. 263 



situated the Prussian town of IleiUgenstadt (5,193 inhabitants), with its cotton- 

 mills, it joins the Fulda, and is thenceforth known as the Weser. Munden (5,607 

 inhabitants) occupies the delightful basin within which the two head-streams 

 join, and at the head of navigation of the Weser. Farther north that river is 

 joined by the Twiste, which rises in the principality of Waldeck, near the little 

 town of Arolsen ("-',460 inhabitants), the birthplace of Ranch and Kaulbach. 

 The Weser then flows past H'àxter (5,645 inhabitants), an old Hanseatic city, near 

 which lies the famous Benedictine abbey of Corvey ; Ilohmiiulen (6,887 inhabit- 

 ants), where much iron and linen are shipped ; and Hamehi (9,520 inhabitants), 

 likewise an old Hanse town. In a delightful valley to the south-west rise the 

 springs of Pyrmont (4,619 inhabitants), formerly much more frequented than they 

 are now. There are several other Avateriug-places in the principality of Lippe, 

 whose only towns are Bctmokl (6,917 inhabitants) and Lcmgo (5,108 inhabitants). 

 At the former place the Cherusci held their popular meetings, and Charlemagne 

 defeated the Saxons in 783 ; and, if tradition can be believed, Hermann triumphed 

 in its vicinity over the legions of Varus. A colossal statue, 186 feet in height, 

 has been erected upon a neighbouring hill to commemorate this event. Near 

 Horn (1,717 inhabitants), to the south-west, are the Externsteine, huge blocks 

 of sandstone, no less venerated by the heathen Saxons than by their Christian 

 descendants. 



The Leine, which flows through the Aller to the Weser, traverses a hilly 

 region in its upper course. Near its source it flows through Goitingen (17,038 

 inhabitants), the most important town of the detached portion of Hanover. 

 Gottingen, an old Hanse town, has woollen, linen, and jute factories, but its 

 glory is being the seat of one of the most famous universities of Germany, now 

 attended by 3,000 students. Its library of more than half a million volumes 

 is the most carefully selected in the world, and the Gelehrte Anzeigen, published 

 by its Academy since 1750, is the oldest critical scientific journal in existence. 

 Gottingen is the birthplace of Bunsen, the chemist. 



Northeim (5,661 inhabitants), to the north of Gottingen, is an important 

 market town, and the starting-place for visiting the great industrial towns in 

 the Harz Mountains, including Oderode (5,658 inhabitants) and Clausthal (8,548 

 inhabitants). The latter is surrounded by mountains. It has a mining academy, 

 and owes its prosperity to its mines. Their yield having gradually diminished, 

 Clausthal, as well as its neighbour Zellerfeld (4,260 inhabitants), is decreasing 

 in population, for its inclement climate, which hardly allows the corn to ripen, 

 is not calculated to attract inhabitants. 



Einheck (6,385 inhabitants), near the Leine, to the north of Gottingen, is famous 

 for its beer, and during the Thirty Years' War many of its brewers fled to Southern 

 Germany, where they introduced their craft. GosJar (9,823 inhabitants) is like- 

 wise situate in the basin of the Leine, but far away to the north-east. It is one of 

 the most famous cities of Germany, but its glories have departed. The Guildhall 

 has been converted into an hotel, the imperial palace is used as a warehouse, an 

 abbey has been transformed into a boarding-school, and an old keep now serves as 



