PLAINS OF THE ELBE, ODEE, AND VISTULA. 339 



follows the foot of the mountain in the direction of licipzig-. Armies travelled 

 quite as much by that road as did merchants, and many battles have been fought 

 near it. The towers of the abbey of WahhtaU, 5 miles to the south of Liegnitz, 

 mark the site of the great battle which shattered the hosts of the Mongols in 

 1241. Liegnitz, the native place of Dove, with its neighbours Janer (10,392 

 inhabitants), Goldberg (6,475 inhabitants), and Hainan (5,351 inhabitants), carries 

 on several branches of manufacture, but is more especially noted for its vegetables, 

 flowers, and fruit trees. 



Glogau (18,041 inhabitants), a fortress close to the frontier of Poznania, is the 

 first large town on the Oder below Breslau. The turgid Bartsch and the canal 

 (Polnischer Landgraben) which drains the swamps of Obra join the Oder near 

 it. The towns of Krofoschin (8,034 inhabitants) and Raioitsch (11,141 inhabitants), 

 to a large extent peopled by Jews ; Lism (11,069 inhabitants), the hereditary 

 seat of the Leszczynskis, who in the sixteenth century afforded shelter to 

 Protestants driven from Austria, and introduced the manufacture of linen and 

 cloth, and Fraustadt (6,394 inhabitants), are geographically dependencies of Glogau, 

 but have been politically assigned to the province of Posen. 



Neusalz (5,895 inhabitants) and Griinherg (12,200 inhabitants) are the last 

 Silesian towns on the Oder, the latter producing a wine famous for its acidity. 

 ZûlUchau (7,378 inhabitants) and Schuuebus (8,087 inhabitants), in side valleys, and 

 Krossen (6,786 inhabitants), on the Oder, belong to the province of Brandenburg. 

 The Bober, however, which joins the Oder at Krossen, and the Western JS^eisse, 

 which enters it a few miles. lower down, flow past many towns still belonging to 

 Silesia. Landshut (5,817 inhabitants), a picturesque old city ; Hirschberg 

 (12,954 inhabitants), famous for its Turkish carpets ; Wnrmbninn (2,998 inha- 

 bitants), a watering-place; Lmcenberg (5,293 inhabitants), Bunzlau (9,931 inha- 

 bitants), Sprottau (6,916 inhabitants), and Sagan (10,538 inhabitants) succeed 

 each other in the valley of the Bober ; Lauban (10,076 inhabitants) is in one of its 

 side valleys ; whilst G'orUtz (45,310 inhabitants) is on the Neisse. The latter, like 

 Liegnitz, enjoys the advantage of lying upon a great natural highway, which 

 joins Poland with Thuringia, and is crossed by the depression which extends from 

 the vale of the Oder to that of the Upper Elbe. Gorlitz was the birthplace of Jacob 

 Bohme, the mystic. Ancient fortifications and grave-hills are numerous in its 

 vicinity. 



The Basin of the Oder to the North of Silesia.* — The manufacture of 

 cloth and linen is the great industry carried on in Western Silesia, as well as 

 in the Brandenburg towns of Sorau (13,138 inhabitants), Sonimerfehl (10,235 

 inhabitants), Forst (16,641 inhabitants), and Guben (23,704 inhabitants), which 

 adjoin it. 



Franl-fort-on-ihe-Oder (47,180 inhabitants) cannot vie with its namesake on the 

 Main in wealth and population, but is nevertheless a prosperous town, with 

 numerous factories and an extensive commerce. It is the port of Berlin on the 



*• Including parts of Eastern lîrandenburg-, nearly all Poseu, Central Pomerania, and a small pai-t of 

 West Prussia. 



