368 



GERMANY. 



the empire, by the ZoUverein, or Customs League, which inchides the whole of 

 Germany, with the exception of the free ports of Bremen, Hamburg, and Altona, 

 together with the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, an old member of the defvmct 

 German Confederation. Since the establishment of the empire there has been 

 brought about a unity of measures and w^eights, of money, and of judicial pro- 

 cedure. The imperial revenue is derived from customs and excise duties, stamp 

 duties, interest upon money invested as a "Fund for Invalids" and for other 



Fig. 211. — The Castle of Hohenzollekx. 



objects, the profits on post and telegraph», and " matricular " contributions from 

 the states.* 



* Total revenue, 1878-9 :— £22,467,562 (customs and excise, £ 1 '?,516,342 ; stamps, £332,650 ; post and 

 telegraphs, £764,420 ; railways, £567,800 ; Imperial Bank, £100,500 ; income from " Fund for Invalids," 

 £1 ,602,658 ; " matricular " contributions, £4,357,276). The principal branches of expenditure were— army, 

 £17,494,841; navy, £2,934,534; pensions to invalids, £1,602,658; post and telegraphs, £664,968; 

 railways, £505,117 ; coinage, £1,135,000: Chancellor's department, £329,330 ; general pensions, £877,660 



The debt of the empire amounts to £3,886,566, but the funds invested or kept in the war chest 

 reach a total of £43,184,607. 



Of the war indemnity paid by France (£222,975,000), nearly one-half was divided amongst the 

 states, £13,000,000 were returned to France for the Alsace-Lorraine railways, £6,345,000 were paid in 

 compensation for damages sustained during the war, £4,3)0,000 were expended during the occupation of 

 France, £6,000,000 were allotted for the construction of fortresses in Alsace-Lorraine, £4,725,000 spent 

 in military stores and German fortresses, £4,050,000 were set aside as a fund for invalids, £3,079,345 

 expended on rolling stock, £6,000,000 placed in a " war chest," £600,000 were presented to generals, &c. 



