rial. This has not been done on an organized basis but the effect has 

 been observed where dredged material was depos:ited on established marsh. 

 With proper depth coverage, about 8 to 12 centimeters, vigorous new 

 culms that make good transplants emerge. 



(c) Plugs are obtained by excavating cubes or cylinders 

 containing crowns, stems, roots, rhizomes, and soil from a healthy stand 

 of cordgrass growing on a silty or clay substrate. Diameter of plugs 

 must usually be 12 centimeters or more in order to include one or more 

 intact plants. This form of planting stock is considerably more labori- 

 ous to harvest and transplant but is the only feasible type where plants 

 must be obtained from old, crowded stands on heavy-textured substrates 

 (Terry, Udell, and Zarudsky, 1974; Knutson, 1977a; Banner, 1977). 



(d) Seedlings in peat pots are produced in a greenhouse 

 or out-of-doors during mild weather. Seeds are planted directly in 

 sandfilled peat pots or germinated in flats and transplanted to pots 

 later. Garbisch, Woller, and McCallum (1975) grew four to six seedlings 

 in each 5- to 10-centimeter pot. They fertilized with Hoaglands nutri- 

 ent solution (Hoagland and Arnon, 1938), and adjusted salinity with 

 sodium chloride. They state that salinity conditioning is necessary if 

 seedlings are to be transplanted in salinities above 15 parts per thou- 

 sand. Garbisch (1977) recommends planting potted seedlings 15 weeks 

 old in sheltered areas and 5- to 7-month-old seedlings on moderately 

 exposed to exposed sites. 



Choice of planting stock for any particular site will depend on the 

 quantity required, cost, availability, planting date, planting objective, 

 and exposure. Adequate quantities of quality transplants for small 

 plantings can often be obtained from the wild. When available nearby 

 and readily accessible, these will be the cheapest. However, large 

 quantities of suitable plants are rarely available in any single loca- 

 tion, and the accumulation of substantial amounts by gathering small 

 quantities is very time-consuming. Field nurseries or peat pot-grown 

 seedlings are usually the only practical alternatives for larger plant- 

 ings. 



Seedlings growing in peat pots have certain distinct advantages as 

 marsh planting stock, namely: 



(1) Availability . This is the only type commer- 

 cially available at present. It can be produced rather quickly in 

 almost any location and with seedlings ready for transplanting in as 

 little as 15 weeks after seedling emergence. 



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