RIDE-UP » See RUN-UP.. 



RIDGEj BEACH - An esssntdally continuous mound of beach material that has 

 been heaped up hy -wave or other action. Ridges may occur singly or 

 as a series of approximately parallel deposits. (See Figure A=7) 

 In England they are called FULLS, 



RILL H/iRKS - Tiny drainage channels in a beach caused by the flow seaward 

 of water left in the sands of the upper part of the beach after 

 the retreat of the tide or after the dying down of storm, waves. 



RIP - A body of water made rough by waves meeting an opposing current, 

 particularly a tidal current; often found where tidal currents are 

 converging and sinking. A TIDE RIP. 



RIPARIAN - Pertaining to the banks of a body of water. 



RIPARIAN RIGHTS - The rights of a person oxming land containing or 

 bordering on a watercourse or other body of water in or to its 

 banks 5 bed, or waters. 



RIP CUPiiENT " A strong surface current of short duration flox>fing seaward 

 from the shore. It usually appears as a visible band of agitated 

 water and is the return movement of water piled up on the shore by 

 incoming waves and wind, lilijti the seaward movement concentrated in 

 a limited band its velocity is somewhat accentuated. A rip consists 

 of three parts: the FEEDER CURRENT floxving parallel to the shore in- 

 side the breakers; the NECK, where the feeder currents converge and 

 flow through the breakers in a narrow band or "rip"; and the HEADj 

 vxhere the current widens and slackens outside the breaker line. A 

 rip current is often miscalled a RIP TIDE. Also RIP SURF. (See 

 Figure A«7) 



RIP SURF - See under RIP CURRENT 



RIPPLE - (l) The ruffling of the surface of water, hence a little curling 

 wave or undulation, (2) A wave controlled to a significant degree 

 by both surface tension and gravity. See IvAVE, CAPILLARY and WAVE, 

 GRAVITY. 



RIPPLE M/lRKS ~ Small J fairly regular ridges in the bed of a xvaterway or 

 on a land surface caused by water currents or xirind. As their form 

 is approximately normal to the direction of current or windj they 

 indicate both the presence and the direction of currents or winds. 



RIPRAP - A layer,, facing^ or protective mound of stones randomly placed 

 to prevent erosion, scour, or sloughing of a structure or embank- 

 ment; also the stone so used. 



A- 26 



