ABOEIGINES OF EAST BRAZIL. 



165 



they spoke from the throat and through the nose, and were unable to utter 

 several consonantal sounds. Their arms were barbed darts and arrows, their 

 habitations frail structures of foliage, their religion fear of evil spirits, against 

 whom they protected themselves by kindling great fires, as against wild beasts. 

 At present the few surviving Botocudos all speak Portuguese, and since 1870 the 

 use of the botoqne has fallen into abeyance. 



Another extinct tribe of different speech and origin were the Malali, visited 

 in 1817 by Saint-Hilaire, but since merged in the surrounding peasant population. 



Fig. 64. — Ancient Indian Populations op East Beazil. 

 Scale 1 : 11,000,000. 



. 250 Miles. 



They went in great dread of the Botocudos, and one of their choice articles of 



food was a large white worm, which had the property of throwing into an ecstatic 



sleep of several days those who ate it. 



Unless the legend of Ramalho and his adventures in the Bay of Santos have 



a substratum of truth, the first white settlers in Brazil were the interpreters left 



by Alvarez Cabrai on the Santa Cruz coast, and the pioneers who lived with the 



aborigines on the Shores of Todos os Santos Bay. The settlement on this bay 



acquired considerable importance, first as the capital, and, later, as the second 

 45 



