2G4 



AMAZONIA AND LA PLATA. 



Various attempts have been made to classify the people by races, or sub-races, 

 or by the element of colour — white, black, yellow, or red. Thus, according to 

 a local census of 1886, of 1,000 inhabitants of 8. Paulo (Paulistas), 667 were 

 returned as whites; 185 as pernios, "people of colour," in the North American 

 sense of this expression; 104 as pretos, "blacks"; and 81 as caboclos, of Indian 



Fig. 114. — Density of the Brazilian Population. 

 Scale 1 : 45,000,000. 



Inhabitants per square kilometer. 



n EB S^ I 



Under one. 1 to 5. 5 -to 10. 



Each square represents a population of 10,000. 







10 to 50. 50 and upwards 



• Towns of over 100,000. 



1,250 Miles. 



descent. But such essays can scarcely be accepted as even approximately 

 accurate indications of the extent to which miscegenation has actually taken place. 

 In Matto Grosso and the other inland provinces distinctions are drawn between 

 " whites " and " whites," some (the Portuguese) being brancos vordadeiros, " true 

 whites," others brancos da terra, " native whites." One fact seems established 

 in favour of tbis white element, which must go on increasing, thanks to the 



