20 



THE NORTH-EAST ATLANTIC. 



surface of the Great Belt, lie made his way by the islands of Laaland and 

 Falster to Zealand, dictating peace under the walls of Copenhagen. But in 

 1809 the capital of Sweden was in its turn threatened by a Russian expedition 

 which crossed the Baltic at the Qvarken Islands, the narrowest part of the Gulf 



Fig. 10.— Depths of the Baltic. 



Scale 1 : 11,000,000. 



200 Miles. 



of Bothnia. During the last four centuries these great frosts have become rarer, 

 and throughout the basin the severity of the extreme colds has been mitigated 

 —a fact opposed to the hypothesis of those who believe, with Adhemar, in a 

 general cooling of the northern hemisphere since the twelfth century.* 



* " riévolutioTis de la Mer." 



