08 



SCANDINAVIA. 



is higher in the towns than the country, the urban population having increased 

 more than 10 per cent., the rural one-twentieth only between the years 1855 and 

 1870. The emigration movement has also acquired some importance since the 

 middle of the century, while immigration is mainly confined to the natives of the 

 old Danish provinces now annexed to Germany. 



Agriculture, which supports three-fifths of the people, is in a flourishing state, 

 although more than one-third of the soil consists of dunes, marshes, waste or 

 fallow lands. Barley and rye are more generally cultivated than wheat, hut the 

 latter has shown an upward tendency since tlie abolition of the corn laws in 

 England, the greatest grain market in the world. Other farm produce has also 

 received a stimulus, and vegetables, fruits, cattle, and butter are now regularly 



Fit?, ol. — liELATivE Number of Live Stock in the Eukopean Rtatfs. 



-Cattle 



■ Pi^s 



Sheep 



exported. Jylland especially, as a stock-breeding country, has prospered. The 

 large cattle of Thy are highly esteemed both for their milk and the rapidity with 

 which they fatten for the market in the rich pastures of the peninsula. Denmark 

 has altogether the largest relative number of horned cattle of any European state, 

 and is also exceptionally rich in swine and sheep. 



There are some very large estates in Denmark, and those of the nobility and 

 hereditary proprietors enjoyed till recently many privileges. The peasantry are 

 still divided into three classes : the gaanimœnd, whose lands pay a tax of more 

 than a ton (3f bushels) of hard corn ; the liuusmœnd, owners of one house 

 and paying a smaller tax than the foregoing ; and the indcntcr, residing with 

 others. But small proprietors are the rule, and most of the peasantry are in 



