126 



SCANDINAVIA. 



the point where the river Dramm, flowing from Lake Tyri, expands into a wide 

 estuary, it consists properly of two long and narrow towns skirting the receding 

 banks of the river, and connected by bridges, one of which is over 1,000 feet long. 

 Its land-locked harbour offers the same advantages as that of Christiania, which it 

 surpasses in the amount of its registered shipping, although its trade is consider- 

 ably less. This consists mainly of planks, furniture, and other wooden wares, 

 besides the minerals sent down from Kougsherg, or " Kingsmount," lying to the 

 south-west, on the river Laugen. The silver mines discovered in 162Ô have been 

 worked ever since, at present yielding on the average about £20,000 yearly. But 



Fig. 62. — Kragero anb Jcmfruland. 

 Scale 1 : 370,000. 



Pepth under 

 11 Fathoms. 



5 Miles. 



the relative value of the metal has fallen, the mines have become largely exhausted, 

 and the place is now much reduced, its population having fallen from 10,000 to 

 5,000. Here is still maintained the Norwegian mint ; and in a valley 15 miles 

 farther west stands the famous church of Ilitterdal, a massive pyramid of gables 

 and towers. 



Along the western shores of Christiania-fiord follow successively the ports of 

 Holmertrand, Ilorten, Tonsberg, Sandefiord, and at the mouth of the Laugen the 

 town of Laurvik. Ilorten, till lately a simple hamlet, has become a busy place 

 since its creek has been chosen as the chief naval station of the kingdom. Accord- 

 ing to the mediaeval chronicles, Tonsberg, formerly one of the four "municipal 



