134 



SCANDINAVIA. 



between the three Sijandinaviaii states, a treaty unhappily followed by sanguinary 

 wars. Bej'ond it are several ports, such as Mônsterâs, Oskarshamn, Figeholm, 

 Westervik, and Gamleby. Farther north an inlet leads to J^orrkoping, the 

 "Northern Mart," already mentioned towards the end of the twelfth century as 

 the rival of Sô/crkôping, or " Southern Mart," situated at the extremity of another 

 fiord farther south. ]S'orrkoping covers an area of several square miles on both 

 banks of the Motala, a rapid stream which carries off the overflow of Lake Wetter 

 and several other smaller lacustrine basins. In the very heart of the town it forms 

 a number of cascades and rapids, supplying the motive power to the mills of 



Fig. 67. — Falsterbo and Stanou. 



Scile 1 : 142,400. 



Depth under 2| 

 fathoms. 



2 Miles 



Norrkoping, which is often designated by the Swedes as the " Scandinavian 

 Manchester." Its thirty-three cloth factories already furnished, in 1876, two- 

 thirds of all the woollen stuffs manufactured in the kingdom. There are also 

 several cotton spinning and weaving and flour mills, besides sugar refineries, 

 altogether employing over 6,000 hands, and yielding goods to the annual amount 

 of about £1,400,000. Here are also built the Government gunboats and ironclads. 

 The imports consist chiefly of raw materials and coal ; the exports of oats, timber, 

 iron, lucifer matches, and marble from the neighbouring quarries. To the south 

 are the now abandoned copper mines of Atvidaberg, formerly rivalling in impor- 



