ARCTIC EUSSIA. 



347 



from 40 to 70 feet. In summer, when the twilight almost verges with the 

 dawn, there are few grander sights than this mightj^ stream viewed from a raft 

 drifting on the silent current, the outline of the woodlands dimly traced on the 

 distant horizon, and the ruddy skies reflected on the rippling waters. 



The Dvina delta in the Gulf of Archangel has an area of no less than 444 

 square miles, and is furrowed by four main branches connected together by 



Fig. 183. — The Lowek Petchora. 

 Scale 1 : 4^200,000. 



50 Miles. 



numerous lateral channels, at times shifting their course, or alternately rising and 

 falling with the tides and floods. The western branch, formerly the deepest, is 

 now obstructed with shoals, and the shipping passes by another farther east, 

 where there is a depth of from 8 to ]2 feet at low water. Great changes in the 

 form of the islands and direction of the channels take place during the thaws. 



