480 



AUSTRALASIA. 



governments have been constituted, and in Gambier a Catholic missionary attempted 

 to transform the island of Mangareva into a vast monastery. On the other hand 

 the English Protestants in the Cook Islands and for a time even in Tahiti deprived 

 non-communicants of all civil and political rights, and regulated social customs, 

 attitudes, salutations, and the whole conduct of the natives. 



In their institutions, myths, religious rites, and many other respects the Poly- 

 nesians betray diverse affinities to all their western neighbours, Papuans, Indo- 

 nesians, Malays, and even Japanese. They also present numerous analogies with 

 the natives of North and South America, and more especially with the Araucanians 

 of ChiH. It seems therefore possible that the Americans have had their share in 



Fig. 212. — Inhabitants of Oceania. 

 Scale 1 : 150,000,000. 



100° Meridian oF Greenvvich 



^ 



Malays, Indonesians. .Australians. British. Papuans. Micronesians. Polj'nesians. 



.N .E. .B. .M .H 



Negritoes. Burn. Baura. Maori. Havaiki. 



___--_.^— ^^^ 1,800 Miles. 



the interminglings that have taken place throughout the eastern archipelagoes, the 

 more so that the normal winds and currents set in the direction from east to west. 

 Recent historical facts show that migrations from the mainland to the islands and 

 from one archipelago to another may often take place under certain favourable 

 conditions. Thus in 1832 a Japanese junk with nine fishermen drifted for ten 

 months with the winds and currents, finally landing at Oahu in Hawaii. About 

 the same time another Japanese bark was stranded on the American coast, and 

 similar unwilling voyages have frequently been made between the Philippine, 

 Caroline, and Marshall groups. The Tahitians and seafarers returning from the 

 Low Archipelago also speak of numerous migrations made even in the contrary 

 direction to the normal winds. Similar cases are attested by the unanimous tradi- 



