(the present Thybor(/n channel) <> The channel led to the development 

 of North sea fishing and as a result of this a fishing harbor was built 

 hereo After the cut was made the entrance lips turned inward as the 

 North Sea coast suffered a strong retreat ^ and at the same time material 

 was deposited on the inside „ NoWj there is about 30 feet of water 

 where the tongue was in 1825 <> Even near Agger j which is situated out- 

 side the real Limf jord tongue^ the retreat has been about 5 meters a 

 yearo Since about 1870 the Danish government has spent tremenlous 

 amounts on Tuava h-reakers and dikes in order to prevent new breaches 

 of the tongaeo llia-reas the Limf jord is connected to the North Sea 

 through an open channel ^ the outlets from the fjords Nissum and 

 Ringk^bing (respectively at Thorsminde and Hvide Sande) are equipped 

 with locks o The outlets are protected against sand deposits by guide 

 piers (see Figure 11 which shows the conditions at Hvide Sande )» 

 At both these locks sand deposits are prevented by flashing when the 

 tide is outo 



On the north coast of Sjaelland the material drift moves from 

 the west to the east (see Figure 8)5 and we can here find several 

 characteristic examples of sand deposits | for instance Gilleleije 

 Harbor (Figure 12 )» In this location the coast on the west side has 

 aggraded about 350 meters ^ while it has retreated somewhat on the 

 east side » 



South of Copenhagen tte coast is flat and stonyj, here and there 

 it is sandy J, but at Stevns it rises 30-i+O nsters over the water in 

 steep cliffs o Here we have a characteristic example of the breaking 

 down of a coast o This is due primarily to wind erosion augmented by 

 the bsating waves o Figure 13 shows a profile of the cliff at the 

 H^jrup Church before and after it fell down in 1923 o The foot of 

 the cliff is now protected bj a concrete wallo Farther south _, tte 

 coast again rises to a considerable height at J^ens cliff— about 115 

 meters over the ocean o Figure I4. shows a schematic profile of the 

 cliff with a talus that varies in size at different times and different 

 places o 



The cltff of J^en is slowly but steadily being eroded „ The ex- 

 tent of the erosion process herej as well as at Stevns 5 is primarily 

 determined by sub-aerial erosioRc, but the influence of the ocean is a 

 necessary presuppositiono All the chalk that falls as a result of 

 the air attack ends up at the foot of the cliff and protects it 

 against erosion until the ocean has washed the chalk awayo The re- 

 treating balanced profilej, which has been created as a result of 

 the attacks 'ay the air and by the seaj, consists of the "steep flat" 

 b-c (Figore 14-) ji which is attacked only by the windj, and the 

 "sloping flat" a-b,, which is acted upon by the waves when sea winds 

 are blowingo If the line a=b-c is to make a parallel retreats, both 

 flats must be exposed to the same degree of erosion (measured in a 

 horisontal direction) which gives ar/3 o This means that a little 

 less material is to be taken away from the "sloping flat*' than from 

 the '''steep-f lat" <, This can happen as the chalk that has fallen 

 down protects the sloping flato If the profile is to be kept as it 

 iSj the ocean will have to transport away the deposited ch&lko The 



12 



